Daily Journal Digest — 2026-08-13¶
過去 24 小時新增：Transplant ID × 10、One Health × 10、Food Security × 12，共 32 篇。
⭐ 今日亮點¶
- Nanotechnology-Based Immunostimulants in Aquaculture: Mechanisms, Advances and Practical Applications
水產養殖 AMR 的 One Health 替代策略框架。
🔬 深入評讀¶
Nanotechnology-Based Immunostimulants in Aquaculture: Mechanisms, Advances and Practical Applications¶
Vet Med Sci | IF 2.0 | DOI | PMID 42585269
- 設計：這是一篇敘述性綜述，透過 PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science 與 ScienceDirect 進行結構式文獻搜尋，聚焦 nano-immunostimulants 在水產養殖的作用機轉、實務應用與安全性。摘要未提供研究期間、國家或地區限制。
- 樣本：文章涵蓋 polymeric、metallic、lipid 與 carbon-based nano-delivery systems，並比較其在魚類／貝類免疫、生物可用率、病原防護與環境安全上的取捨。因方法與 outcome 異質性高，作者採質性整合而非 pooled analysis。
- 關鍵論點：作者指出 polymeric nanocarriers，如 chitosan、alginate、PLGA，在改善 immune biomarkers、生物可用率，以及面對 Aeromonas 與 Vibrio spp. 感染時提升存活率方面最具轉譯潛力，且安全性輪廓較有利。metallic、lipid 與 carbon-based nanomaterials 雖有免疫調節與抗菌潛力，但毒性變異、環境持久性與生物累積風險限制實務導入。
- Limitation：主要限制是這不是系統性回顧或統合分析，摘要未提供納入研究數、RoB 評估或量化效應量，因此證據強度難以橫向比較。水產物種、病原、投藥方式、nanoformulation 與 outcome 指標高度異質，也使實驗室效益能否轉化到 field-scale 商業養殖仍不確定。
- Bottom line：對感染科與 One Health 讀者而言，這篇的價值不在單一產品，而在把降低水產養殖抗生素依賴的 nano-immunostimulant 策略整理成安全性、效能與可導入性的決策框架。
🔴 Transplant & Opportunistic Infections¶
Diagnostic and differential diagnostic value of plasma extracellular vesicle-associated miRNAs in AIDS patients with tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection¶
Authors: Xu S et al. | Journal: Front Cell Infect Microbiol | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2026.1828046 | PMID: 42582021
TL;DR: 125名AIDS患者中，plasma EV-associated miR-652-3p區分AIDS/NTM與AIDS/TB的AUC達0.9993，let-7c-5p區分感染與對照AUC達1.0000。
嘻嘻：miRNA表現這麼漂亮，先讓人快樂三秒。
Development and Validation of a Machine Learning-Based Bedside Score (IPA-2T2C2DW) for Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Critically Ill Non-Neutropenic Immunocompromised Hosts¶
Authors: Huang L et al. | Journal: J Infect Dis | Date: 2026 Aug 12
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiag404 | PMID: 42583797
TL;DR: 737名非neutropenic immunocompromised ICU患者中，IPA-2T2C2DW外部驗證AUC 0.844；低、中、高風險IPA率為8.2%、28.6%、62.4%。
嘻嘻：ICU床邊能多一把尺，總比通靈好。
Cellulitis-like cutaneous cryptococcosis revealing disseminated infection in a kidney transplant recipient: a case report and systematic review¶
Authors: Scaglione V et al. | Journal: Int J Infect Dis | Date: 2026 Aug 11
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.109039 | PMID: 42580510
TL;DR: 腎移植後cutaneous cryptococcosis文獻73例中，67.1%為disseminated disease；皮膚病灶常為首發，整體82.2%恢復但死亡率仍高。
不嘻嘻：Cryptococcus又在皮膚假裝蜂窩性組織炎。
Determinants of favorable treatment outcomes in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Zambia: A retrospective cross sectional study, 2018-2022¶
Authors: Kalaba D et al. | Journal: PLoS One | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0355721 | PMID: 42585190
TL;DR: 尚比亞2018–2022年1,258名MDR-TB患者中，68.1%治療結果良好；正常體重提高勝算(aOR 2.07)，Muchinga與Western省明顯較差。
嘻嘻：MDR-TB還有六成多好結局，值得喘口氣。
The Impact of Domestic Public Health Spending on Health Outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence From Disability-Adjusted Life Years¶
Authors: Serge Kabongo WN et al. | Journal: Int J Health Plann Manage | Date: 2026 Aug 12
DOI: 10.1002/hpm.70104 | PMID: 42585620
TL;DR: 撒哈拉以南非洲43國2003–2022年資料顯示，DPHS與DALYs呈正相關；HIV模型係數0.105–0.288，暗示支出多為反應式治療而非預防。
不嘻嘻：錢花在救火，不花在防火，熟悉到心累。
Using causal frameworks to reduce bias in observational TB research: a comparison of model-building approaches¶
Authors: Barcellini L et al. | Journal: IJTLD Open | Date: 2026 Aug
DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.26.0076 | PMID: 42583241
TL;DR: MDR/RR-TB觀察性分析中，causal diagram模型估計HIV共感染使成功治療機率降低31%(aRR 0.69, 95% CI 0.41–0.98)，資料驅動模型低估關聯。
嘻嘻：causal diagram救回被模型吃掉的真相。
Candida glabrata species complex in a Brazilian public tertiary hospital: site of infection, identification and antifungal susceptibility profile¶
Authors: Cândido MFF et al. | Journal: J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2025-0098 | PMID: 42582932
TL;DR: 巴西三級醫院80株C. glabrata全為C. glabrata sensu stricto；對amphotericin B、voriconazole、echinocandins多仍敏感，MIC分布具在地差異。
嘻嘻：C. glabrata暫時還沒全面翻桌，先珍惜。
A retrospective analysis of tuberculosis notification trends and spatial distribution in South Africa, 2005-2012¶
Authors: Kibuuka D et al. | Journal: Discov Public Health | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.1186/s12982-026-02685-5 | PMID: 42582295
TL;DR: 南非2005–2012年3,474,320例TB通報平均年率885.2/10萬，男性較高；高負擔cluster集中KwaZulu-Natal、Eastern Cape與Free State。
不嘻嘻：TB地圖一攤開，公共衛生血壓也上來。
Malignancies after vascularized composite allotransplantation¶
Authors: Schaschinger T et al. | Journal: Front Immunol | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1905254 | PMID: 42582135
TL;DR: VCA後15名患者共22個malignancies，NMSC占41%、lymphoproliferative disorders占36%；中位發生時間24個月，malignancy-associated mortality為33%。
不嘻嘻：移植後癌症風險，真的是交換條件寫太小。
Tuberculosis epidemiology and programmatic progress in the WHO Western Pacific Region, 2010-2024: an analysis of surveillance data¶
Authors: Morishita F et al. | Journal: Trop Med Health | Date: 2026 Aug 11
DOI: 10.1186/s41182-026-00971-1 | PMID: 42581387
TL;DR: WHO西太平洋區2024年估計290萬人罹患TB、22.7萬人死亡；2015後incidence增1.6%、mortality僅降1.3%，治療涵蓋率75%。
不嘻嘻：TB進展慢到像在跟疫情比耐心。
🟢 One Health / Zoonoses¶
Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors are Potent Antiviral Agents against Henipaviruses and Arenaviruses¶
Authors: Li Y et al. | Journal: Antiviral Res | Date: 2026 Aug 11
DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2026.106507 | PMID: 42580486
TL;DR: 以rCedar virus篩選出Farudodstat、PTC299等DHODH inhibitors具廣效抗病毒活性；pyrimidine補充可逆轉PTC299效果，selectivity index超過500。
嘻嘻：DHODH inhibitors看起來很有明星相。
First insight into the virome composition of the vulnerable Naemorhedus griseus¶
Authors: Guo Y et al. | Journal: Virol Sin | Date: 2026 Aug 11
DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2026.08.009 | PMID: 42580412
TL;DR: 一隻救援失敗的中華鬣羚whole virome profiling顯示多器官含bacteriophages、植物病毒、parvoviruses、novel picobirnaviruses與novel phenuivirus。
嘻嘻：virome考古感滿滿，野外病毒宇宙又開一扇窗。
Development of a GFP-labeled Pasteurella multocida strain for in vivo organ infection tracing using a stable RCR-based genetic manipulation plasmid¶
Authors: Yuan C et al. | Journal: Appl Environ Microbiol | Date: 2026 Aug 12
DOI: 10.1128/aem.00787-26 | PMID: 42584088
TL;DR: RCR-based markerless系統在15株豬來源臨床P. multocida提升轉形效率；hyaD/hyaE缺失使小鼠virulence完全attenuation，GFP株可追蹤肺與肝colonization。
嘻嘻：GFP標記讓感染路徑終於比較不靠想像。
Evaluation of Oxford nanopore sequencing for antimicrobial resistance surveillance in Salmonella: comparison with phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility in a large-scale study¶
Authors: Hong Y-P et al. | Journal: Microbiol Spectr | Date: 2026 Aug 12
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01797-26 | PMID: 42584076
TL;DR: 台灣2025年1,490株Salmonella ONT-WGS與phenotypic AST多數一致；discordance源於breakpoint、gene expression、ramAp與未知AMR determinants。
嘻嘻：ONT-WGS上場做監測，台灣資料很可以。
Public health risk assessment of rodent-driven hantavirus spillover in Europe using a stochastic delay model¶
Authors: Raza A et al. | Journal: Front Public Health | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1880617 | PMID: 42582313
TL;DR: 歐洲hantavirus stochastic delay模型顯示持續傳播主要由rodent-to-rodent transmission驅動；stochastic perturbations與delay-survival effects可降低有效閾值並促進extinction。
不嘻嘻：鼠類病毒外溢，數學模型也說別太樂觀。
Metagenomic profiling of tick-borne viromes across four ecologically diverse provinces in China¶
Authors: Zhang L et al. | Journal: Ticks Tick Borne Dis | Date: 2026 Aug 11
DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2026.102693 | PMID: 42580006
TL;DR: 中國4省2021年2867隻tick metagenomic sequencing檢出11種tick-borne viruses，病毒組成依tick species與地區顯著不同，並見湖南首報Lihan tick virus與新SFTSV lineage。
不嘻嘻：tick界也在開病毒派對，人類只能補監測。
Epidemic Patterns of Foot and Mouth Disease in the Lao People's Democratic Republic¶
Authors: Petersen I et al. | Journal: Transbound Emerg Dis | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.1155/tbed/8673395 | PMID: 42584029
TL;DR: 寮國屠宰場監測2021–2024年顯示FMD NSP antibody seroprevalence為牛43%、水牛52%、豬3%，且有物種特異hotspots，支持以風險區域精準疫苗與監測。
嘻嘻：把疫苗打在刀口上，總比亂槍打鳥有戲。
Nanotechnology-Based Immunostimulants in Aquaculture: Mechanisms, Advances and Practical Applications¶
Authors: Öz M et al. | Journal: Vet Med Sci | Date: 2026 Sep
DOI: 10.1002/vms3.71158 | PMID: 42585269
TL;DR: nano-immunostimulants可望降低水產養殖抗生素依賴；polymeric nanocarriers如chitosan、alginate、PLGA在免疫biomarkers、生物可用率與對Aeromonas、Vibrio spp.存活率最具轉譯潛力。
嘻嘻：水產少用抗生素，nano工具箱終於有點眉目。
Prevalence, Genetic Diversity, and Zoonotic Transmission Potential of Cryptosporidium spp. in Snakes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis¶
Authors: Asghari A et al. | Journal: Vet Med Sci | Date: 2026 Sep
DOI: 10.1002/vms3.71167 | PMID: 42585216
TL;DR: 35篇、36組資料的meta-analysis估計蛇類Cryptosporidium spp.盛行率12.6%（95% CI 9.2–17.0；I2=92.1%），圈養蛇較高且檢出多種zoonotic species。
不嘻嘻：蛇友圈也有寄生蟲社交網，拜託洗手。
The prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in humans, animals, and water sources in Korea¶
Authors: Lee S et al. | Journal: Parasitol Int | Date: 2026 Aug 11
DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2026.103364 | PMID: 42580552
TL;DR: 韓國1991–2025年文獻meta-analysis估計Cryptosporidium整體盛行率7.1%（95% CI 4.6–11.0），牛犢、山羊與環境水源仍是重要風險，2012年首爾曾有C. parvum水源outbreak。
不嘻嘻：水和小牛都在提醒我們，腸胃炎不會放假。
🟡 Food Security / Food Safety¶
Pangenome-guided breeding restores high-altitude adaptation and improves yield in Tartary buckwheat¶
Authors: Zhang K et al. | Journal: Cell | Date: 2026 Aug 11
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.035 | PMID: 42580335
TL;DR: Tartary buckwheat的T2T reference genome與16-accession pangenome找出123,131個structural variations；FtRNH提升高海拔適應，FtPLATZ alleles改善種子大小與多地產量。
嘻嘻：蕎麥也能靠pangenome升級，高山農業有新劇本。
Evaluation of glycoalkaloids and their aglycones in vegetable-based baby foods using a validated mesostructured silica-based MSPD protocol assisted by bead homogenization and UHPLC-MS/MS¶
Authors: Martínez-García I et al. | Journal: Food Chem | Date: 2026 Aug 06
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.150709 | PMID: 42580066
TL;DR: 以HA-MSPD搭配UHPLC-MS/MS檢測23件蔬菜嬰兒食品，total glycoalkaloids最高18 mg/kg；30秒、5 mg sorbent、125 mg樣本流程顯示Solanaceae原料需系統監測。
不嘻嘻：嬰兒食品也要盯毒素，爸媽真的不能喘。
Metalloprotein-Targeted Inhibitors: A Promising Strategy for Novel Pesticide Discovery¶
Authors: Chen HM et al. | Journal: J Agric Food Chem | Date: 2026 Aug 12
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6c03671 | PMID: 42584131
TL;DR: metalloproteins參與雜草、phytopathogens與害蟲關鍵生理歷程，已有部分targeted ligands核准為農藥；整理active-site features與metal-binding pharmacophores可支持新作用機轉pesticide discovery。
嘻嘻：農藥若能精準打靶，少一點亂轟也好。
MicroRNA-Mediated Regulation of Cadmium Fate in Plants: Mechanisms and Translational Potential for Low-Cadmium Crop Development¶
Authors: Shen C et al. | Journal: J Agric Food Chem | Date: 2026 Aug 12
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6c06671 | PMID: 42584127
TL;DR: miRNA可調控植物Cd由根部攔截到可食部位累積的連續路徑；miRNA397-LAC與miRNA156相關模組可作為低Cd作物marker-assisted selection、genome editing與small RNA介入標的。
嘻嘻：從miRNA下手，低Cd作物看起來更接近現實。
Occurrence and Health Risk Assessment of Aflatoxin B1 and Total Aflatoxins in Maize Flour From Jiroft City, Iran¶
Authors: Mashak Z et al. | Journal: Food Sci Nutr | Date: 2026 Aug
DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.72246 | PMID: 42582521
TL;DR: 伊朗Jiroft市40件玉米粉中，AFB1與total aflatoxins檢出率67.5%與70%；AFB1有35%超過EC 2 μg/kg，MOE 1748.25低於10,000，提示消費者潛在健康風險。
不嘻嘻：玉米粉也能藏肝癌風險，日常食品最會偷襲。
Modelling the growth boundaries of Listeria monocytogenes: focus on strain variability and organic acids¶
Authors: Marc YL et al. | Journal: J Food Prot | Date: 2026 Aug 11
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2026.100890 | PMID: 42580634
TL;DR: 整合3060筆culture media與622筆食品matrix資料建立Listeria monocytogenes growth/no growth model，納入8項環境因子與strain variability，多數預測正確或fail-safe。
嘻嘻：食安模型更懂菌株差異，冷藏櫃少一點玄學。
BEYOND KNOWLEDGE AND BEHAVIOUR: EXPLORING THE MODIFYING FACTORS INFLUENCING OLDER ADULTS' DOMESTIC FOOD SAFETY¶
Authors: Evans EW | Journal: J Food Prot | Date: 2026 Aug 11
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2026.100889 | PMID: 42580633
TL;DR: 威爾斯100名≥60歲成人訪談顯示，居家食品安全行為受健康變化、感官退化、家庭轉變、社交、食物取得與財務限制影響，不能只靠知識或風險認知解釋。
不嘻嘻：食安衛教不是念咒，生活限制才是真Boss。
Epidemiology of infections caused by four emerging Vibrio species of concern reported to the Cholera and Other Vibrio Illness Surveillance system (COVIS), United States, 1988-2024¶
Authors: Weller DL et al. | Journal: J Food Prot | Date: 2026 Aug 11
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2026.100891 | PMID: 42580632
TL;DR: 美國COVIS 1988–2024年通報V. alginolyticus 4350例、V. cholerae 2856例、V. fluvialis 1722例、V. mimicus 582例；發生率皆上升，住院率Vc/Vf/Vm達37–42%。
不嘻嘻：海水變暖加上海鮮，Vibrio又默默加班。
Overview of Chagas disease in Amazonas: an integrated approach¶
Authors: Guerra MDGVB et al. | Journal: Rev Soc Bras Med Trop | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0581-2025 | PMID: 42585498
TL;DR: 巴西Amazonas州已有25% municipalities通報急性Chagas disease，多以農村outbreak與açaí等食物傳播相關；缺乏治療後追蹤網絡與孕前/產前篩檢削弱垂直傳播監測。
不嘻嘻：Chagas disease最怕的不是罕見，是追蹤斷線。
Comparative Study of Seaweed-Based Functional Beverage Powders Formulated with Dragon Fruit Peel and Citrus Fruits: Antioxidant Activity and Shelf-Life Stability¶
Authors: Sjamsiah et al. | Journal: J Am Nutr Assoc | Date: 2026 Aug 12
DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2026.2704522 | PMID: 42585455
TL;DR: seaweed功能飲粉中，水果比例增加改善抗氧化活性與感官品質；seaweed-sweet orange 1:3的F6具最高整體抗氧化活性與vitamin C，重金屬濃度符合食品安全標準。
嘻嘻：seaweed飲品能好喝又穩，食品科技偶爾很可愛。
Evaluation of plant-based antimicrobials in controlling antimicrobial resistance gene spread in poultry production continuum¶
Authors: Vinayamohan P et al. | Journal: Front Vet Sci | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2026.1837338 | PMID: 42583015
TL;DR: CR、BR 在 broth 與雞糞，CR、CA 在水中降低 bla TEM HGT frequency；0.5% TC 飼料補充亦降低雞 ceca ex vivo HGT（p<0.05）。
嘻嘻：雞場抗藥性防線多一招，先替飼料桶鼓掌。
Salmonella Typhimurium effector PipB2 targets Rab14 to impair host autophagic flux and promote intracellular survival¶
Authors: Zhu T et al. | Journal: Microbiol Res | Date: 2026 Aug 07
DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2026.128667 | PMID: 42579917
TL;DR: S. Typhimurium effector PipB2 直接結合 Rab14、降低 GTP hydrolysis，造成 autophagic flux 受損並增加 intracellular burden；AKT inhibitor VIII 可部分逆轉。
不嘻嘻：S. Typhimurium 又在細胞裡開外掛，人類補丁還沒寫完。
資料來源：PubMed (articles retrieved 2026-08-13)