Daily Journal Digest — 2026-08-22¶
過去 24 小時新增:Transplant ID × 13、One Health × 10、Food Security × 10,共 33 篇。
⭐ 今日亮點¶
- Overview of the ASM-IISc Symposium on the One Health Approach to AMR in Bengaluru, India
AMR × One Health 的框架訊號強。 - Developing and defining core climate and environmental epidemiology competencies for field epidemiology training programs in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: a Delphi study
FETP 能力建置連到氣候與 One Health。
🔬 深入評讀¶
Overview of the ASM-IISc Symposium on the One Health Approach to AMR in Bengaluru, India¶
mSphere | IF 3.7 | DOI | PMID 42627178
- 設計:這是印度班加羅爾 ASM-IISc symposium 的綜述性報告,整理 multidisciplinary 討論中對 One Health AMR 的概念框架與研究方向。它不是原始研究,也未聲稱使用系統性文獻檢索或正式共識方法。
- 樣本:文章涵蓋人類、動物與環境健康交界的 AMR 議題,重點包括 resistance evolution、environmental reservoirs、genomic monitoring、predictive technology 與 drug combination target discovery。摘要未提供與會者人數、專家組成細節或納入文獻年代範圍。
- 關鍵論點:核心論點是 AMR 不應只被視為 antibiotic exposure 的線性後果,而是生態系與 metabolic plasticity 的 emergent property。文章主張 surveillance 應從臨床與基因體監測延伸到環境 reservoirs,並以 mechanistic research 與 predictive technology 支撐更主動的 One Health 介入。
- Limitation:主要限制是 symposium overview 的證據層級本來就偏低,較像議程設定與概念整合,不能直接推論特定 surveillance 或 intervention 可降低 AMR 感染、死亡或傳播。摘要未呈現系統性檢索、formal consensus voting、可重現的證據分級或量化 outcome。
- Bottom line:這篇值得作為 AMR One Health 研究與 surveillance 重新設計的框架讀物,而不是臨床處置建議。
Developing and defining core climate and environmental epidemiology competencies for field epidemiology training programs in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: a Delphi study¶
Front Public Health | IF 3.0 | DOI | PMID 42625798
- 設計:三輪 modified Delphi study,聚焦 Eastern Mediterranean Region 的 FETP 氣候變遷與環境流行病學核心能力;Round 1 為開放式線上質性問卷,Round 2 以 5 分 Likert scale 評分,Round 3 為 21 人多專業工作坊做質性驗證與課程操作化。研究倫理於 2025-09-01 由 EMPHNET IRB 核准(Protocol No. 2025/9/E6),屬專家共識研究而非臨床 outcome 研究。
- 樣本:Round 1 有 29 位專家,Round 2 有 30 位來自 13 國的專家,Round 3 有 21 位參與驗證工作坊;Round 2 中 50.0% 是 FETP Director、Resident Advisor、Coordinator 或 Faculty,專長以 epidemiology 27/30(90.0%)與 environmental health 21/30(70.0%)最多。地區分布以 EMR 為主,包含 Jordan n=5、Palestine n=3、Morocco n=2,Pakistan n=6 與 United Kingdom n=6 是最大單一國家群,沒有個人層級追蹤時間或臨床比較組。
- 關鍵數字:38 項能力的平均重要性分數為 3.77–4.83,其中 32/38 項 mean ≥4.0,% rated ≥4 為 56.7–100%,顯示共識整體強但不同主題強度不一。最高共識集中在 fundamentals of environmental epidemiology(mean 4.83,SD 0.38,100% rated ≥4)、study design(mean 4.83,SD 0.38,100% rated ≥4)、major environmental hazards identification(mean 4.70,100% rated ≥4)與 outbreak investigation with environmental/climate factors(mean 4.63,93.3% rated ≥4),效應大小在共識研究中可解讀為大且穩健。
- Limitation:主要限制是 purposive expert panel 與 Delphi 共識法本身容易受專家組成影響,Round 2 僅 30 人、Round 3 僅 21 人,且 meteorology、environmental regulation、agriculture、water、civil society 與 community implementation partners 在問卷輪次代表性不足。Round 3 只用質性 group agreement,沒有再次量化評分;此外沒有實際測試課程導入後對 FETP trainee 能力、surveillance 品質或 outbreak response 成效的影響。
- Bottom line:這篇研究的臨床與公共衛生帶走訊息是:FETP 不必新增龐大獨立課程,而應優先把最高共識的 8 類 Basic/Frontline 能力嵌入既有 surveillance、outbreak investigation、data analysis、risk communication 與 One Health 訓練,以回應 EMR 的 extreme heat、WASH disruption、air pollution、chemical incidents、dengue、leishmaniasis 與 cholera 等氣候敏感威脅。
- GRADE 證據等級:Very low ⊕◯◯◯
🔴 Transplant & Opportunistic Infections¶
Diagnostic performance of panfungal PCR on tissue specimens for the diagnosis of invasive fungal diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the Fungal PCR Initiative (FPCRI)¶
Authors: Filippidis P et al. | Journal: J Clin Microbiol | Date: 2026 Aug 21
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00721-26 | PMID: 42626956
TL;DR: 28 項研究顯示 panfungal PCR 用於 tissue 診斷 invasive fungal diseases,FFPE sensitivity 75.4%、specificity 93.5%;non-fixed sensitivity 86.5%,優於 culture 52.2%。
嘻嘻:老派切片也能加上分子外掛,真菌診斷終於比較像現代醫學。
Development of an early auxiliary diagnostic model for disseminated tuberculosis in HIV-negative tuberculosis patients¶
Authors: Guo Y et al. | Journal: Front Public Health | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1779279 | PMID: 42626508
TL;DR: 南京 1,122 名 HIV-negative TB 住院病人建立 DI-TB XGB 輔助診斷模型,內部測試 AUC 0.983、sensitivity 0.914、specificity 0.961,仍需外部驗證。
嘻嘻:TB 也有 AI 神隊友,但先別急著把聽診器退休。
Repurposing FDA-Approved Drugs to Inhibit Fungal PPTases for Broad-Spectrum Synergy¶
Authors: Song Z et al. | Journal: Adv Sci (Weinh) | Date: 2026 Aug 21
DOI: 10.1002/advs.77354 | PMID: 42627630
TL;DR: tepotinib 與 eltrombopag 可抑制 fungal PPTases,降低 pulmonary aspergillosis 小鼠 fungal burden;與 amphotericin B 併用分別讓 IC50 下降 7.4 與 2.6 倍。
嘻嘻:舊藥找到新副業,真菌界今天可能有點緊張。
Assessment of depression, anxiety and predictors of mental health burden among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Ethiopia¶
Authors: Haile GB et al. | Journal: East Mediterr Health J | Date: 2026 Aug 02
DOI: 10.26719/2026.32.7.416 | PMID: 42626801
TL;DR: 衣索比亞提格雷 360 名 pulmonary tuberculosis 病人中,depression 56.7%、anxiety 54.2%;吸菸、藥物不良反應與 perceived stigma 皆為重要風險因子。
不嘻嘻:TB 治療已夠累,心理負擔還來補刀。
Isolated Cerebral Mucormycosis Mimicking Meningioma in an Uncontrolled Diabetic Patient: A Case Report¶
Authors: Khan S et al. | Journal: Clin Case Rep | Date: 2026 Aug
DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.73361 | PMID: 42626056
TL;DR: 控制不佳糖尿病病人的 isolated cerebral mucormycosis 可在 MRI 類似 meningioma;術中無 dural attachment 與 histopathology 協助確診,早期切除、antifungal therapy 與血糖控制後預後良好。
嘻嘻:mucormycosis 假扮腫瘤失敗,病理科又救了一局。
Blood Stream Infections due to Candida Species: Prevalence, Risk Factors, Mortality, and Susceptibility Profile Over 3-Year Period: A Single Center Study¶
Authors: Alduwayrij AF et al. | Journal: Int J Microbiol | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.1155/ijm/6422952 | PMID: 42625928
TL;DR: 沙烏地阿拉伯單中心 50 例 candidemia 中,Candidozyma auris 佔 25%、C. albicans 佔 21.3%;14 天死亡率 23.4%,院內死亡率 55.3%,non-albicans Candida azole resistance 上升。
不嘻嘻:Candidozyma auris 又在加班,azole 壓力測試沒停過。
Evaluation of galactomannan assay in diagnosing invasive aspergillosis¶
Authors: Sachu A et al. | Journal: Iran J Microbiol | Date: 2026 Aug
DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v18i4.22204 | PMID: 42625825
TL;DR: 60 名疑似 aspergillosis 病人中,9 例為 probable aspergillosis;galactomannan assay 陽性 19 例,診斷 probable disease sensitivity 66.7%,cutoff >1 可減少 false positive。
不嘻嘻:galactomannan 還是有脾氣,cutoff 調不好就容易演過頭。
Mixed-strain infection and heteroresistance in drug-resistant tuberculosis: insights from a whole-genome sequencing pilot¶
Authors: Manika M et al. | Journal: Front Epidemiol | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.3389/fepid.2026.1813571 | PMID: 42625812
TL;DR: 南非 Eastern Cape 28 株 drug-resistant M. tuberculosis WGS pilot 中,10.7% 為 probable mixed-strain candidates;heteroallelic variants 常見於 fabG1/inhA 與 rpoB,需較大 cohort 驗證。
不嘻嘻:TB 連菌株都能混搭,抗藥性劇本越寫越複雜。
Immune reconstitution and infections with ATG versus post-transplant cyclophosphamide as GvHD prophylaxis after nonmyeloablative matched unrelated donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation¶
Authors: Aydin M et al. | Journal: Front Immunol | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1739320 | PMID: 42625596
TL;DR: 185 名 nonmyeloablative MUD HSCT 病人中,PTCy 前 100 天 bacterial infections 較多(32% vs 17%),但 ATG 的 CMV reactivations 較高(36% vs 16%),1 年 CD4+ T-cell 較低。
不嘻嘻:GvHD prophylaxis 像選套餐,感染副作用只是換口味。
Invasive Fusarium Infections in Immunocompromised Children: A 10-year Multicenter Retrospective Study and Literature Review¶
Authors: Abgaou A et al. | Journal: Pediatr Infect Dis J | Date: 2026 Aug 21
DOI: 10.1097/INF.0000000000005375 | PMID: 42625264
TL;DR: 55 名免疫低下兒童 invasive fusariosis 中,87% 有 hematologic malignancies、73% disseminated、82% 皮膚侵犯;整體死亡率 55%,disseminated disease 使 fusariosis-related mortality 上升(OR 4.7)。
不嘻嘻:Fusarium 對小朋友太不友善,免疫低下時尤其殘酷。
Unlocking the impact of BK virus in renal transplant recipients in North India: viral load dynamics, genotypes, and clinical outcomes¶
Authors: Padhy S et al. | Journal: Transpl Immunol | Date: 2026 Aug 20
DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2026.102449 | PMID: 42624173
TL;DR: 印度北部 90 名腎臟移植受者中,BKPyV DNA 陽性 13 例(14.4%);近 6 個月 tacrolimus trough 較高者 BKPyV positivity 較多,且與 viral load 正相關(ρ=0.588)。
不嘻嘻:tacrolimus 拉高一點,BKPyV 也跟著精神起來。
Association analysis between HLA evolutionary divergence and CMV serological status in a cohort of 526 adult subjects¶
Authors: Tirloni G et al. | Journal: Transpl Immunol | Date: 2026 Aug 20
DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2026.102446 | PMID: 42624171
TL;DR: 526 名成人 HSCT 病人與 donor 的 HLA typing 與 CMV IgG 分析中,HED 在各 HLA locus、Class I/II 分組皆未與 CMV serostatus 相關;是否影響 post-transplant reactivation 仍待研究。
不嘻嘻:HLA 算半天沒答案,CMV 依舊保持神祕感。
Post-transplant Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative disorder after cardiac transplantation: a scoping review¶
Authors: Calpey J et al. | Journal: Transpl Immunol | Date: 2026 Aug 20
DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2026.102447 | PMID: 42624169
TL;DR: 6 項美國與加拿大成人心臟移植研究顯示 PTLD incidence 0.83%–5.1%,其中 EBV-associated cases 佔 43%–98%;EBV D+/R− mismatch 與 immunosuppression intensity 是主要風險因子。
不嘻嘻:EBV D+/R− 還是老雷點,移植後監測不能偷懶。
🟢 One Health / Zoonoses¶
Antimicrobial resistance in Ecuador: A One Health situational analysis of governance, infrastructure, and equity gaps¶
Authors: Rodriguez-Hidalgo R et al. | Journal: PLOS Glob Public Health | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0005308 | PMID: 42627805
TL;DR: 厄瓜多 One Health AMR situational analysis 指出 surveillance 薄弱、跨部門協調不足、經費有限、社區 awareness 低與缺乏 equity-oriented policies,亟需強化 stewardship governance。
不嘻嘻:AMR 要 One Health,現實卻常常 One Budget。
Novel African Rhinolophus bat ACE2 sequences reveal the determinants of Afro-Eurasian sarbecovirus entry¶
Authors: Zhang Y et al. | Journal: J Virol | Date: 2026 Aug 21
DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00540-26 | PMID: 42627230
TL;DR: 尚比亞 5 個 Rhinolophus bat lung samples 定序出 4 種 ACE2 sequences;R. simulator ACE2 不支持 clade 3 Afro-Eurasian sarbecoviruses infection,ACE2 residues 31、41 影響 spike-ACE2 interactions。
嘻嘻:蝙蝠 ACE2 又補一塊拼圖,病毒入口學持續更新。
Molecular investigation on Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enteritidis in table eggs and diarrheic patients¶
Authors: Rayan AA et al. | Journal: Sci Rep | Date: 2026 Aug 20
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-026-66486-1 | PMID: 42624876
TL;DR: 58 份 pooled 雞蛋與 34 份腹瀉糞便檢體 PCR 顯示,蛋品中 L. monocytogenes 與 S. Enteritidis DNA 陽性率分別為 55.2% 與 50%,蛋殼污染較蛋內容物常見。
不嘻嘻:早餐也要 One Health,蛋殼先替大家加班。
Characterization of tmexCD-toprJ-harboring plasmid in Klebsiella pneumoniae: insights into the molecular epidemiology of tigecycline resistance¶
Authors: Liu Y et al. | Journal: Microbiol Spectr | Date: 2026 Aug 21
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00689-26 | PMID: 42627181
TL;DR: 980 株 K. pneumoniae 中檢出 25 株 TNSKP,其中 17 株為 CRKP;3 株帶 tmexCD-toprJ,並首次描述 ST334、ST39 攜帶 tmexCD2-toprJ2,ST39 同時帶 blaNDM-1 與 iuc3 fusion plasmid。
不嘻嘻:K. pneumoniae 又解鎖配件包,藥師先深呼吸。
Overview of the ASM-IISc Symposium on the One Health Approach to AMR in Bengaluru, India¶
Authors: Anand A et al. | Journal: mSphere | Date: 2026 Aug 21
DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00211-26 | PMID: 42627178
TL;DR: 班加羅爾 ASM-IISc symposium 強調 AMR 是生態系與 metabolic plasticity 的 emergent property,需以 One Health 串接人類、動物、環境 surveillance 與 predictive technology。
嘻嘻:AMR 終於被放回生態脈絡裡看,方向對了。
Detecting swine influenza A virus during fattening and at slaughter: implications for monitoring strategies in fattening herds¶
Authors: Deffner P et al. | Journal: Porcine Health Manag | Date: 2026 Aug 19
DOI: 10.1186/s40813-026-00529-x | PMID: 42625238
TL;DR: 德國 21 個豬場中 18 場(85.7%)判定 swIAV 陽性,血清盛行率 92.4%;屠宰場 RT-qPCR 僅檢出 74/540 頭豬(13.7%),BS 與 LT 一致性最高(κ=0.58)。
不嘻嘻:豬場監測像抓影子,屠宰場才看常常太晚。
Potential risk of heartworm infection in the United States of America and its projected incidence by 2100¶
Authors: Morchón R et al. | Journal: Parasit Vectors | Date: 2026 Aug 20
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-026-07293-5 | PMID: 42625228
TL;DR: 美國 heartworm 風險集中東南部與 Gulf Coast,冬季多數地區風險低、夏季達高峰;RCP 8.5 推估至 2100 年,中西部、東北部與高海拔地區適合度將上升。
不嘻嘻:氣候變遷連 heartworm 都在拓點展店。
Developing and defining core climate and environmental epidemiology competencies for field epidemiology training programs in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: a Delphi study¶
Authors: Khader Y et al. | Journal: Front Public Health | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1902013 | PMID: 42625798
TL;DR: 三輪 modified Delphi 為東地中海地區 FETP 建立 climate 與 environmental epidemiology 核心能力,涵蓋 surveillance、outbreak investigation、risk assessment、One Health 與風險溝通。
嘻嘻:流病訓練把氣候補上,現場人員會很需要。
Proteomic characterization of adult Fasciola gigantica recovered from naturally infected buffaloes in Punjab Pakistan¶
Authors: Shahid K et al. | Journal: PLoS One | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0356497 | PMID: 42627819
TL;DR: 巴基斯坦旁遮普自然感染水牛取出的成蟲 F. gigantica LC-MS/MS 鑑定 4,777 個蛋白,含 classical 與 non-classical putative ESPs,功能多與 hydrolase、oxidoreductase、免疫調控及 tissue invasion 相關。
嘻嘻:寄生蟲蛋白地圖越清楚,疫苗靶點越有戲。
Feline sporotrichosis hotspots during a period of declining notifications: A surveillance-sensitive analysis in hyperendemic Rio de Janeiro¶
Authors: Amarante VCA et al. | Journal: Prev Vet Med | Date: 2026 Aug 16
DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2026.106989 | PMID: 42623734
TL;DR: 里約熱內盧 2017–2024 年通報 14,885 例 feline sporotrichosis,年平均 13.07/1000 隻貓;市層級通報下降,但西部、北部與中部 high-risk clusters 持續存在。
不嘻嘻:通報下降不等於熱區消失,貓奴也得警覺。
🟡 Food Security / Food Safety¶
What the Cyclospora Outbreak Reveals About the State of US Foodborne Disease Surveillance¶
Authors: Schweitzer K | Journal: JAMA | Date: 2026 Aug 21
DOI: 10.1001/jama.2026.16678 | PMID: 42627650
Bioinspired rose-petal-like SnS₂ semiconductor with sulphur vacancies for highly sensitive SERS detection of acetamiprid in vegetables and fruits¶
Authors: Yu X et al. | Journal: Food Chem | Date: 2026 Jun 20
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.150110 | PMID: 42623807
TL;DR: Rose-petal-like SnS₂ SERS substrate 可快速檢測蔬果 acetamiprid,線性範圍 1.00–100 μg/kg、ppb 等級 detection limit、RSD <3.44%,與 LC-MS/MS 於 95% 信心水準無顯著差異。
嘻嘻:農藥快篩做到這麼靈,菜籃也能安心一點。
Validation of an integrated analytical method for the simultaneous quantification of 12 PFAS in drinking water, plant-based milk alternatives and skimmed milk¶
Authors: De Simone B et al. | Journal: Food Chem | Date: 2026 Aug 19
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.150857 | PMID: 42623806
TL;DR: 整合 QuEChERS、SPE cleanup 與 UHPLC-MS/MS 可同步定量飲水、植物奶與脫脂乳中 12 種 PFAS,R2 ≥0.990、LOQ 水樣 0.0005 μg/L、食品基質 0.0040 μg/kg。
嘻嘻:PFAS 檢測越會抓,才有機會少喝一點驚喜。
Addressing fruit allergen detection gaps: A validated LC-MS/MS method for eight allergenic fruits in foods¶
Authors: Shencheng Y et al. | Journal: Food Chem | Date: 2026 Aug 12
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.150775 | PMID: 42623805
TL;DR: Multiplex LC-MS/MS 可定量果汁與優格中 8 種水果過敏原,LOQ 5.0–10.0 mg/kg、RSD ≤12.7%;35 件市售品中 31% 有未標示過敏原,混合水果產品濃度較高。
不嘻嘻:未標示過敏原又出包,標籤信仰再次崩塌。
Peer review of the pesticide risk assessment of the active substance choline hydrogen phosphonate¶
Authors: Álvarez F et al. | Journal: EFSA J | Date: 2026 Aug
DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2026.10288 | PMID: 42626254
TL;DR: EFSA 完成 choline hydrogen phosphonate 作為葡萄與運動草皮 fungicide 的 peer review,提出 regulatory risk assessment endpoints 與蜂蜜 MRLs,並列出法規要求下仍缺漏的資訊。
不嘻嘻:法規評估最怕缺資料,審查員的咖啡又冷了。
Industrial effluent-derived Acinetobacter sp. PbS1A2 as a bioremediator against lead toxicity in Labeo rohita¶
Authors: Zafar S et al. | Journal: Appl Environ Microbiol | Date: 2026 Aug 21
DOI: 10.1128/aem.00527-26 | PMID: 42627391
TL;DR: Acinetobacter sp. PbS1A2 可耐受最高 30 mM Pb;在 Labeo rohita 30 天 Pb 暴露模型中,1.5 × 10^8 CFU/mL 處理改善存活、成長、消化酵素、血液生化與組織傷害。
嘻嘻:用細菌救重金屬傷害,這個轉身有點漂亮。
Taxifolin impairs colonization of Clostridium perfringens in association with iron limitation-related physiological stress¶
Authors: Fadhilatunnur H et al. | Journal: Microbiol Spectr | Date: 2026 Aug 21
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01301-26 | PMID: 42627180
TL;DR: Taxifolin 在低於完全抑菌濃度時即抑制 C. perfringens mucin adhesion 與 biofilm formation,並在抗生素預處理小鼠早期感染降低腸道 colonization;Fe2+ 可部分逆轉表型。
嘻嘻:Taxifolin 這招溫柔卡位,腸道戰場很有想像。
Regulatory roles of the LysR-type transcriptional regulator GltC in metabolism, stress tolerance, and virulence of Listeria monocytogenes¶
Authors: Ogunleye SC et al. | Journal: Microbiol Spectr | Date: 2026 Aug 21
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00391-26 | PMID: 42627162
TL;DR: 刪除 gltC 不影響 L. monocytogenes 基礎生長,卻重塑 nitrogen assimilation,提升 hydrogen peroxide tolerance,並上調 PrfA virulence regulon;小鼠脾臟與肝臟 bacterial burdens 顯著增加。
不嘻嘻:L. monocytogenes 少一個調控子反而更兇,真會做人。
Molecular mechanism underlying YibT-mediated RpoS regulation of virulence variation in Salmonella typhimurium¶
Authors: Wang B et al. | Journal: Microb Pathog | Date: 2026 Aug 20
DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108790 | PMID: 42624303
TL;DR: yibT 與 rpoS 形成 negative feedback loop;刪除兩者使 Salmonella typhimurium 生長、biofilm、adhesion、invasion、intracellular survival 與小鼠器官 bacterial loads 下降。
嘻嘻:找到調弱 S. typhimurium 的開關,疫苗夢又醒一下。
Identification of patulin-producing Penicillium isolates from decayed apples, their patulin production profiles, and the feasibility of high-purity patulin preparation¶
Authors: Dağ M et al. | Journal: Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess | Date: 2026 Aug 21
DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2026.2717760 | PMID: 42627221
TL;DR: 土耳其腐爛蘋果分離的 Penicillium expansum 在不同蘋果基質產生 patulin 7.58–49.80 mg/kg;黃色蘋果較高,並可純化出 98.8% patulin 供內部分析使用。
不嘻嘻:蘋果爛掉還順便升級成毒素工廠,早餐焦慮加一。
資料來源:PubMed (articles retrieved 2026-08-22)