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Weekly Journal Digest — 2026-W42

資料來源:PubMed(edat 過濾,2026-10-12 至 2026-10-18)。涵蓋期刊:Clin Infect Dis、Emerg Infect Dis、MMWR、N Engl J Med(Originals + Reviews,無主題過濾)、Transpl Infect Dis、Blood。共 41 篇。NEJM Cases / Images / Perspective / Correspondence 由本月 NEJM ID 與 Hema/Onc 月報(Yahoo Mail)補完。

Clin Infect Dis

Association Between Neighbourhood-level Antibiotic Utilization and the Rate of Community-Associated C. difficile (CA-CDI) Infection: An Ecological Study

Authors: Hakin K et al. | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-19
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciag661 | PMID: 42893793
TL;DR: 安大略1,520個社區、19,757例CA-CDI中,抗生素使用每增加10 DOT/1,000人日,CA-CDI率增加13%(RR 1.13,95%CI 1.09–1.18);高風險藥物關聯最強(RR 1.73)。

不嘻嘻:社區抗生素多一點,C. difficile就多一點;這筆帳終究還是感染科買單。


Ertapenem in Hypoalbuminemia: Methodological and Pharmacokinetic Considerations

Authors: Wei CY et al. | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-17
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciag663 | PMID: 42887893
TL;DR: (待補摘要 — 需登入取得全文)

嘻嘻/不嘻嘻:


Empirical Antifungal Treatment of Critically Ill Patients With Influenza-Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Bayesian Perspective

Authors: Wilhelmer C et al. | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-17
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciag662 | PMID: 42887892
TL;DR: 172名influenza-associated ARDS重症病人的Bayesian再分析顯示,經驗性mold-active antifungal治療使influenza-associated pulmonary aspergillosis風險下降趨勢(HR 0.51,95% credible interval 0.20–1.17;獲益機率94%),但無死亡率獲益。

嘻嘻:Bayesian給了預防一點曙光,但沒救到死亡率,香檳先冰著。


Hypoalbuminemia and Pharmacokinetics: Revisiting Fundamental Principles and Clinical Perspectives

Authors: Jung EJ et al. | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-17
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciag664 | PMID: 42887891
TL;DR: (待補摘要 — 需登入取得全文)

嘻嘻/不嘻嘻:


Randomized Trial Comparing Minocycline-EDTA-Ethanol Lock to Standard-of-Care Antibiotic Lock for Management of Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection

Authors: Chaftari AM et al. | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-16
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciag660 | PMID: 42886055
TL;DR: 241名CLABSI患者隨機試驗中,minocycline-EDTA-ethanol lock較標準antibiotic lock提高導管保留率(57% vs 38%),並延長至導管失敗時間(HR 0.53);臨床及微生物失敗率亦較低,死亡與不良事件相近。

嘻嘻:導管有機會留下來,終於不用每次CLABSI都演血管通路大逃亡。


Estimating Cancer Progression Risk by HIV Status: Design and Interpretation of Real-World Comparisons

Authors: Kasamatsu A, Tomo Y | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-16
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciag651 | PMID: 42885873
TL;DR: (待補摘要 — 需登入取得全文)

嘻嘻/不嘻嘻:


HIV and Cancer Progression: Interpreting Real-World Evidence

Authors: Schneider D et al. | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-16
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciag652 | PMID: 42885864
TL;DR: (待補摘要 — 需登入取得全文)

嘻嘻/不嘻嘻:


The Piperacillin-Tazobactam MIC Behaves Like a Prognostic Marker, Not a Pharmacodynamic Exposure

Authors: Díez-Vidal A | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-16
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciag658 | PMID: 42880763
TL;DR: (待補摘要 — 需登入取得全文)

嘻嘻/不嘻嘻:


Antibiotic Stewardship, Resistance, and Mortality in Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus: A Quasi-Experimental Study of Linezolid Restrictions

Authors: Kong EL et al. | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-16
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciag656 | PMID: 42880747
TL;DR: 52萬餘次住院的準實驗研究中,linezolid限制使使用量下降27%、linezolid-resistant Enterococcus下降41%,整體死亡率未增加;但VRE篩檢陽性者院內死亡率增加4.7個百分點,bacteremia或sepsis者增幅更大。

不嘻嘻:壓下linezolid抗藥性,卻可能把高風險病人的代價藏在角落。


The piperacillin-tazobactam is behaving like a prognostic factor, but that does not negate the pharmacodynamic hypothesis

Authors: Pallotta RH, Aitken SL, Pogue JM | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-16
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciag659 | PMID: 42880736
TL;DR: (待補摘要 — 需登入取得全文)

嘻嘻/不嘻嘻:


Progressing From Association to Causation: Examining Prior Antibiotic Exposure and Antimicrobial Resistance Across Three US Health Systems Using Causal Machine Learning

Authors: Kuruvikkattil AV et al. | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-15
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciag549 | PMID: 42878671
TL;DR: 跨3個美國醫療系統、116萬餘次培養分析顯示,90日內fluoroquinolone暴露後,同類不敏感性增加8.6–12.6個百分點;後續以fluoroquinolone經驗性治療bacteremia時,50%–71%為微生物學無效。

不嘻嘻:fluoroquinolone的舊帳會找上門,經驗性治療別再假裝沒看見。


Prior Antibiotic Exposure and Subsequent Resistance in the Individual Patient: How Close Are We to the Bedside?

Authors: Goto M | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-15
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciag550 | PMID: 42878668
TL;DR: (待補摘要 — 需登入取得全文)

嘻嘻/不嘻嘻:


Oral Fosfomycin for Pyelonephritis: Time for Evidence Over Eminence-based Guidelines

Authors: Spellberg B et al. | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-14
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciag552 | PMID: 42873563
TL;DR: (待補摘要 — 需登入取得全文)

嘻嘻/不嘻嘻:


Oral Fosfomycin for Complicated Urinary Tract Infection Remains a Murky Issue

Authors: Trautner BW et al. | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-14
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciag553 | PMID: 42873548
TL;DR: (待補摘要 — 需登入取得全文)

嘻嘻/不嘻嘻:


Leaving With Medical Advice: Why Prescribing Antibiotics to People with Endocarditis Who Leave the Hospital Early Makes Sense

Authors: Ryder JH, Wurcel A | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-14
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciag650 | PMID: 42873195
TL;DR: (待補摘要 — 需登入取得全文)

嘻嘻/不嘻嘻:


Drug plasmatic level determination in malaria late treatment failures supports CDC recommendation for extending the duration of artemether-lumefantrine treatment

Authors: Javelle E et al. | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-14
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciag655 | PMID: 42873193
TL;DR: (待補摘要 — 需登入取得全文)

嘻嘻/不嘻嘻:


Outpatient Antibiotic Fills and 30-Day Readmission Following Patient-Directed Discharge in Drug Use-Associated Infective Endocarditis in a National Medicaid Cohort

Authors: Gispen F et al. | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-14
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciag649 | PMID: 42873190
TL;DR: 19,808名drug use-associated infective endocarditis患者中,27.9%為patient-directed discharge;其3日內抗生素領藥率僅17.1%(非PDD為44.2%)。領藥與30日再住院降低相關,且PDD患者效應較強(aOR 0.27)。

嘻嘻:把出院後那一小段治療接住,或許比責怪病人更能防住再住院。


Risk Factors and Therapeutic Consequences of Virologic Failure With Long-Acting Cabotegravir Plus Rilpivirine in the Dat'AIDS Cohort

Authors: Deschanvres C et al. | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-14
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciag654 | PMID: 42873188
TL;DR: 2,196名接受CAB+RPV LA的HIV感染者追蹤中位13個月,42人(1.9%)virologic failure;26例有genotype者半數出現resistance。較高BMI、nadir CD4<200及先前病毒抑制未滿12個月皆與失敗獨立相關。

不嘻嘻:長效針劑不是免死金牌,失敗時還附贈resistance這張帳單。


Low Baseline RPR Titers and Serological Response: Persistent Questions Among People with HIV

Authors: Casado JL, Vallejo A | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-13
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciag645 | PMID: 42867302
TL;DR: (待補摘要 — 需登入取得全文)

嘻嘻/不嘻嘻:

Emerg Infect Dis

本週無符合條件的新文章。

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep

Notes from the Field: Dengue Outbreak - U.S. Virgin Islands, January 2024-June 2025

Authors: Gallalee S et al. | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-15
DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7540a2 | PMID: 42879731
TL;DR: 美屬維京群島2024年1月至2025年6月爆發dengue,通報263例確診、15例住院及1例死亡;97%患者發病前無旅遊史。105例可判定血清型者中,101例(96%)為DENV-2,顯示以本土傳播為主。(依全文摘要)

不嘻嘻:本土dengue一路燒,蚊子顯然比我們更懂島嶼生活。


QuickStats: Age-Adjusted Female Breast Cancer Death Rates,* by State - United States, 2024

Authors: | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-15
DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7540a3 | PMID: 42879720
TL;DR: 2024年美國女性乳癌年齡校正死亡率為每10萬人18.7人;哥倫比亞特區最高,每10萬人24.1人,羅德島州最低,每10萬人14.4人。(依全文摘要)

不嘻嘻:連非感染科也提醒我們:地圖上的健康落差從不只是數字。


Notes from the Field: Molecular Detections of Cladophialophora bantiana at a Clinical Reference Laboratory - United States, 2009-2026

Authors: Nelson MT et al. | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-15
DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7540e1 | PMID: 42879716
TL;DR: 單一臨床參考實驗室2009年至2026年檢出48例確診及1例疑似Cladophialophora bantiana感染,88%來自CNS檢體。每1,000件CNS檢體的檢出率至2025年增至26例,較2017–2023年平均值增加210%。(依全文摘要)

不嘻嘻:CNS裡的Cladophialophora bantiana愈來愈常見,這種冷門題不想變必考。


Effectiveness of Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine in Children Aged 6 Months-6 Years During a Statewide Pertussis Outbreak - Alaska, May-November 2024

Authors: Newell K et al. | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-15
DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7540a1 | PMID: 42879706
TL;DR: 阿拉斯加2024年pertussis outbreak期間,6個月至6歲兒童完成3劑DTaP的調整後疫苗有效性為96.2%,部分接種為85.3%。未接種者實驗室確診pertussis勝算為完成至少3劑者的26.1倍。

嘻嘻:DTaP把pertussis擋得漂亮,疫苗門診今天可以稍微挺胸。

Transpl Infect Dis

Donor-Derived Bartonella Infection After Kidney Transplantation: Challenges of Microbiological Confirmation and Heterogeneous Clinical Manifestations in Two Recipients From a Single Donor

Authors: Saulīte M, Cvetkova S, Kigitoviča D | Type: Letter | Date: 2026-10-15
DOI: 10.1111/tid.70340 | PMID: 42878589
TL;DR: (待補摘要 — 需登入取得全文)

嘻嘻/不嘻嘻:


Early Invasive Fungal Infections in Liver Transplant Recipients Receiving Risk-Stratified Echinocandin Prophylaxis: A Descriptive Single-Center Cohort Study

Authors: Viero G et al. | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-12
DOI: 10.1111/tid.70338 | PMID: 42864726
TL;DR: 286名肝臟移植受者中,高風險者接受echinocandin預防後30日IFI仍高於非高風險者(9.41% vs 1.99%),且8例中7例為breakthrough mold infection。12例事件使風險估計仍不精確,未見持續common-source outbreak證據。

不嘻嘻:echinocandin防線仍被mold穿越,移植病房的真菌戲碼沒有謝幕。


A Novel Indicator of Cytomegalovirus Infection After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: Current CMV Reactivation

Authors: Kawamura S et al. | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-12
DOI: 10.1111/tid.70337 | PMID: 42864692
TL;DR: 389名CMV seropositive allo-HCT患者中,letermovir組1、2、3、6個月cCMVR分別為0%、0%、2.9%、2.9%;未使用組為7.1%、31.9%、11.0%、0.8%。cCMVR可呈現CMV reactivation反覆發生與緩解的時序。

嘻嘻:用時序看CMV reactivation,終於不只是在病例表裡數陽性次數。


Re: The Impact of Systematic Latent Tuberculosis Infection Screening in Kidney Transplant Candidates: Experience From a Single UK Transplant Center

Authors: Sturman J | Type: Letter | Date: 2026-10-11
DOI: 10.1111/tid.70335 | PMID: 42860575
TL;DR: (待補摘要 — 需登入取得全文)

嘻嘻/不嘻嘻:

Blood

Cases of High-Titer Inhibitor Formation After AAV Gene Therapy for Hemophilia A

Authors: Crary SE et al. | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-16
DOI: 10.1182/blood.2026035372 | PMID: 42886677
TL;DR: 第1/2期ASC618 AAV gene therapy的2名hemophilia A患者雖初期有FVIII表現,皆產生high-titer FVIII inhibitor,單次輸注近2年後仍維持高滴度。結果提示即使既往大量FVIII暴露,bioengineered transgene仍須嚴格評估immunogenicity。

不嘻嘻:一次輸注想買兩年平靜,結果免疫系統先來加收違約金。


Genomic and clinical landscape of RAS mutations in acute myeloid leukemia

Authors: Rodríguez-Arbolí E et al. | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-16
DOI: 10.1182/blood.2026033409 | PMID: 42886676
TL;DR: 8,553名新診斷AML患者中,1,775人(21%)帶有RAS mutation。KRAS mutation與較差整體存活相關(HR 1.41),而NRAS對存活的影響取決於基因背景;接受venetoclax-based regimen者若合併NPM1或IDH1/2 mutation,存活明顯較差。

不嘻嘻:AML碰上RAS mutation,基因背景像連環考題,答錯就沒有補考。


Cilta-cel CAR T-cell expansion and neurotoxicity

Authors: | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-15
DOI: 10.1182/blood.2026036298 | PMID: 42879175
TL;DR: (待補摘要 — 需登入取得全文)

嘻嘻/不嘻嘻:


Optical genome mapping reveals a MYC-amplified ring chromosome arising through chromoanagenesis in AML

Authors: Tang G, Zou YS | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-15
DOI: 10.1182/blood.2026035550 | PMID: 42879173
TL;DR: (待補摘要 — 需登入取得全文)

嘻嘻/不嘻嘻:


Hematopoietic stem cell culture comes of age

Authors: Wilkinson AC, Göttgens B | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-15
DOI: 10.1182/blood.2026035565 | PMID: 42879172
TL;DR: HSC culture technology近期進展,可主動programming並解析HSC,以促進治療應用及基礎生物學研究。

嘻嘻:HSC終於能在培養皿裡好好長大,轉譯應用更有戲。


Molecular Consequences and Targeting of PPM1D Overexpression in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

Authors: Mia MB et al. | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-13
DOI: 10.1182/blood.2025030377 | PMID: 42868262
TL;DR: 519例MPN中3.1%有activating PPM1D mutation;GSK2830371合併低劑量HDM2 inhibition使MF樣本mutated clones下降、WT clones增加逾4倍,並降低xenograft leukemic burden。

嘻嘻:難纏的mutated clone,似乎終於找到可下手的弱點。


Ambient oxygen disrupts amino acid homeostasis and impairs human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell engraftment

Authors: Wang X et al. | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-13
DOI: 10.1182/blood.2026034288 | PMID: 42868261
TL;DR: 常氧處理human CD34+ cells迅速增加intracellular amino acids及mTORC1 signaling,削弱lysosomal programs與初、次級engraftment;短暫限制essential或branched-chain amino acids,或抑制LAT1可改善engraftment。

嘻嘻:原來細胞也怕吃太飽,調整代謝就能救回功能。


Germline DDX41 defines a distinct subgroup in MDS undergoing transplantation with reduced relapse and improved survival

Authors: Gagelmann N et al. | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-13
DOI: 10.1182/blood.2026034923 | PMID: 42868258
TL;DR: 1,514例移植MDS中49例(3.2%)帶有germline DDX41 P/LP variant;其2年復發率17%對34%,復發風險較低(HR 0.43),DFS較佳(HR 0.62),且NRM與GVHD未增加。

嘻嘻:DDX41不只提示風險,還帶來移植後的好消息。

N Engl J Med

Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Non-Insulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes

Authors: Oser TK et al. | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-14
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2608571 | PMID: 42878622
TL;DR: 283名未使用insulin的type 2 diabetes成人,CGM於26週使HbA1c較routine care多下降0.9個百分點(95% CI -1.1至-0.6),70–180 mg/dL time in range增加21個百分點,無severe hypoglycemia。

嘻嘻:不打insulin也能靠CGM把血糖管理得更明白。


Adult Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder

Authors: Buitelaar JK, Newcorn JH | Type: Journal Article, Review | Date: 2026-10-15
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMcp2516040 | PMID: 42874105
TL;DR: ADHD約影響全球2.5%成人,常合併焦慮、情緒、睡眠及物質使用障礙,亦增加obesity與心腦血管疾病等風險;診斷仰賴症狀及功能訪談,治療結合psychoeducation、藥物與psychosocial interventions。

不嘻嘻:成人ADHD的共病清單很長,門診時間卻依然很短。


Long-Acting HIV Therapy in African Adults with Adherence Challenges

Authors: Cresswell FV et al. | Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Clinical Trial, Phase III, Multicenter Study, Comparative Study, Equivalence Trial | Date: 2026-10-15
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2518753 | PMID: 42874104
TL;DR: 肯亞、南非及烏干達537名adherence不佳但viral suppression的HIV成人,cabotegravir加rilpivirine長效注射48週viral load <50 copies/mL為91.0%,不劣於oral dolutegravir-based therapy的89.2%;但virologic failure為1.9%對0%。

嘻嘻:長效注射讓服藥困難不再直接等於治療失敗。


Phase 2 Trial of Icotrokinra for Patients with Ulcerative Colitis

Authors: Abreu MT et al. | Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Clinical Trial, Phase II, Multicenter Study | Date: 2026-10-15
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2604435 | PMID: 42874103
TL;DR: 252名中重度ulcerative colitis成人,oral icotrokinra於12週clinical response為55–63%,優於placebo的27%;400 mg組clinical remission為30%對11%,至28週adverse events比例與placebo相近。

嘻嘻:新口服選項有效又穩,ulcerative colitis患者多一條路。


Ponatinib-Blinatumomab or Imatinib-Chemotherapy for Adult Ph-Positive ALL

Authors: Chiaretti S et al. | Type: Clinical Trial, Phase III, Comparative Study, Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Randomized Controlled Trial | Date: 2026-10-15
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2606208 | PMID: 42874102
TL;DR: 236名成人Ph-positive ALL追蹤中位23.7個月,ponatinib加blinatumomab的24個月event-free survival為86%,優於imatinib加chemotherapy的67%;relapse累積發生率5%對13%,僅19%接受HSC transplantation。

嘻嘻:化療能少一點、移植能少一點,療效反而更漂亮。


Intermittent or Continuous Renal-Replacement Therapy in Acute Kidney Injury

Authors: Gaudry S et al. | Type: Journal Article | Date: 2026-10-14
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2608397 | PMID: 42873070
TL;DR: 535名需renal-replacement therapy的critical illness AKI患者,intermittent hemodialysis於90日死亡率63.1%,高於continuous renal-replacement therapy的53.5%(HR 1.30,95% CI 1.04–1.63);未證實major adverse kidney event非劣性。

不嘻嘻:AKI已經夠兇,透析方式選錯還要再補一刀。

NEJM Monthly — Infectious Disease(本月已收錄)

本月號已於 2026-W41 收錄,本週略過(NEJM 月報每月僅出刊一次)。


NEJM Monthly — Hematology/Oncology(本月已收錄)

本月號已於 2026-W41 收錄,本週略過(NEJM 月報每月僅出刊一次)。

資料來源:PubMed(articles retrieved 2026-10-20)
NEJM 月報資料來源:Yahoo Mail;abstract / DOI 由追蹤連結重定向解析、PubMed 標題搜尋 fallback CrossRef 取得。