Daily Journal Digest — 2026-07-10¶
過去 24 小時新增：Transplant ID × 13、One Health × 10、Food Security × 11，共 34 篇。
⭐ 今日亮點¶
- Non-Aspergillus fumigatus mould infections in lung transplant recipients: an international, multicentre, case-control study
肺移植黴菌感染的實用風險框架。 - Advances in PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody Therapy for Hemophagocytic Syndrome
EBV-HLH免疫治療與HSCT風險交會。
🔬 深入評讀¶
Non-Aspergillus fumigatus mould infections in lung transplant recipients: an international, multicentre, case-control study¶
Lancet Microbe | IF 20.9 | DOI | PMID 42419340 | Henry, B., Walti, L.N., Kothari, S., Bitterman, R., Beeckmans, H., et al. (2026) Non-Aspergillus fumigatus mould infections in lung transplant recipients: An international, multicentre, case--control study. Lancet Microbe. 101352. doi:10.1016/j.lanmic.2026.101352.
- 設計：這是加拿大與歐洲9個第三級醫療中心的國際多中心、回溯性、case-control study，納入2010年1月1日至2020年1月1日成人肺移植受者。病例為 proven 或 probable non-A. fumigatus mould infection，並以中心與移植後時間進行1:1:1配對。
- 樣本：共納入360人：NAFMI 120例、A. fumigatus IFI 120例、無IFI對照120例；移植時中位年齡56歲，女性47%。NAFMI中混合或多重黴菌感染僅8例（7%），以 A. flavus 26例（22%）、A. niger 24例（20%）與 Scedosporium apiospermum 9例（8%）為主。
- 關鍵數字：NAFMI與 A. fumigatus IFI臨床表現相近，12個月死亡率同為31%（NAFMI 37/118；A. fumigatus 36/117，p=1），高於無IFI對照的21%但未達統計顯著（p=0.11）。NAFMI後12個月CLAD為12%，與 A. fumigatus IFI的15%及無IFI對照的7%差異不顯著；移植前免疫抑制（aOR 3.82，95% CI 1.55–9.38）與移植前ICU住院（aOR 3.07，95% CI 1.01–9.34）和NAFMI獨立相關。
- Limitation：回溯性設計仍可能受診斷強度、抗黴菌預防策略與中心間照護差異影響，且配對無法完全處理移植前病情嚴重度的confounding。病例限於proven/probable IFI並排除單純galactomannan陽性，提升特異性但可能低估臨床上較早期或較不典型的感染。
- Bottom line：肺移植後分離到非 A. fumigatus mould不能視為次要污染訊號，其死亡與CLAD負擔接近典型 A. fumigatus IFI，特別應注意移植前已高度免疫抑制或住ICU者。
Advances in PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody Therapy for Hemophagocytic Syndrome¶
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol | DOI | PMID 42419529 | Lai, F., Du, Z., Gao, L., Lu, J., Xiao, P., Hu, S., Li, X. & Zhou, M. (2026) Advances in PD-1 monoclonal antibody therapy for hemophagocytic syndrome. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 226, 105477. doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2026.105477.
- 設計：這是關於PD-1 monoclonal antibody治療hemophagocytic syndrome/HLH的敘述性綜述，回顧EBV-HLH、CAEBV與相關惡性疾病中的療效與安全性。摘要未描述系統性檢索、RoB評估或預先定義的meta-analysis方法。
- 樣本：作者整理15項研究，涵蓋兒童CAEBV與refractory/relapsed EBV-HLH、成人refractory/relapsed EBV-HLH，以及HSCT前後使用PD-1 blockade的情境。涉及藥物包括nivolumab、sintilimab，以及與ruxolitinib、venetoclax或thalidomide的合併策略。
- 關鍵論點：兒童CAEBV與refractory/relapsed EBV-HLH中，sintilimab可誘導部分或完全臨床緩解，並作為通往allo-HSCT的bridge therapy。成人refractory/relapsed EBV-HLH回溯研究中，nivolumab於16個月內ORR 85.7%、CR 71.4%；但HSCT後PD-1 blockade與較高GVHD風險相關。
- Limitation：證據主要來自小型回溯研究、病例系列與高度選擇族群，適應症、疾病嚴重度、併用治療與HSCT時序差異大，無法穩健估計淨效益。未見pooled effect或正式RoB評估，因此療效訊號應視為假說生成與救援治療經驗，而非標準治療證據。
- Bottom line：PD-1 blockade可能成為refractory/relapsed EBV-HLH的重要救援或bridge策略，但在HSCT前後使用必須把GVHD與免疫過度活化風險放在決策核心。
🔴 Transplant & Opportunistic Infections¶
Non-Aspergillus fumigatus mould infections in lung transplant recipients: an international, multicentre, case-control study¶
Authors: Henry B et al. | Journal: Lancet Microbe | Date: 2026 Jul 08
DOI: 10.1016/j.lanmic.2026.101352 | PMID: 42419340
TL;DR: 9國中心肺移植120例NAFMI以非fumigatus Aspergillus spp.為主；12月死亡率31%、CLAD 12%，與A. fumigatus IFI相近，移植前免疫抑制aOR 3.82。
不嘻嘻：肺移植後mould換個名字，結局一樣難笑。
Integrative immunoinformatics and structural modeling for the rational design of a multi-epitope vaccine candidate against human cytomegalovirus¶
Authors: Emmanuel OP et al. | Journal: Sci Rep | Date: 2026 Jul 08
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-026-61161-x | PMID: 42420440
TL;DR: 以immunoinformatics設計CMV multi-epitope vaccine，預測可誘發IgM/IgG、CD4+與CD8+反應，並穩定結合TLR7/TLR9；仍需實驗驗證免疫原性與安全性。
嘻嘻：CMV vaccine藍圖更完整，先把期待放培養箱。
Diagnostic accuracy of the Fujifilm SILVAMP TB LAM II (FujiLAM II) assay for the diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis¶
Authors: Ayalew S et al. | Journal: BMC Infect Dis | Date: 2026 Jul 08
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-026-13992-2 | PMID: 42420888
TL;DR: FujiLAM II診斷兒童TB整體敏感度僅17.2%、特異度100%；合併Xpert Ultra陽性可使偵測率達40.9%，較Xpert Ultra單用增加12.1%。
不嘻嘻：特異度很美，敏感度卻像躲貓貓冠軍。
Comparative assessment of Host transcriptomic- and bacteriological- markers for monitoring treatment response among active tuberculosis patients: a longitudinal study¶
Authors: Nakiboneka R et al. | Journal: Int J Infect Dis | Date: 2026 Jul 08
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108952 | PMID: 42419448
TL;DR: 馬拉威縱貫TB隊列中，CD64、BATF2、GBP5、C1QB區分active TB與ORD的AUC達93.7–96.3%；HTM於8月治療追蹤下降並與細菌學反應一致。
嘻嘻：TB追蹤若能看host signature，門診會少點玄學。
The Impact of Systematic Latent Tuberculosis Infection Screening in Kidney Transplant Candidates: Experience From a Single UK Transplant Center¶
Authors: Segamwenge IL et al. | Journal: Transpl Infect Dis | Date: 2026 Jul 09
DOI: 10.1111/tid.70273 | PMID: 42423560
TL;DR: 英國單中心527名腎移植候選人系統性IGRA篩檢LTBI盛行率5.8%；假設targeted screening會漏掉37.0%低風險病例，敏感度僅63.0%。
嘻嘻：腎移植前全面篩LTBI，少漏一個都算賺。
The Association Between Gene Expression Profiling Scores and Malignancy in Adult Heart Transplant Recipients¶
Authors: Bektur S et al. | Journal: Clin Transplant | Date: 2026 Jul
DOI: 10.1111/ctr.70593 | PMID: 42423545
TL;DR: 104名心臟移植受者中29例(27.9%)發生侵襲性癌症；移植後累積平均AlloMap每增5分，癌症風險較低(HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.91–0.99)。
嘻嘻：AlloMap也許還能順手提示癌症風險，意外加班。
GIDISdb: a gene expression database for exploring human immune responses in infectious diseases¶
Authors: Liao Y et al. | Journal: Database (Oxford) | Date: 2026 Jan 15
DOI: 10.1093/database/baag036 | PMID: 42423370
TL;DR: GIDISdb整合15類感染、51專案、3949個whole-blood RNA-seq樣本；LTBI案例分析顯示防禦基因上升、發炎基因下降，並較active TB少IFN-γ signaling。
嘻嘻：感染RNA-seq資料庫長大，免疫偵探多一把放大鏡。
Current practices in the diagnosis and management of HSV and CMV reactivation in German ICUs: an exploratory web-based survey¶
Authors: Michel S et al. | Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1884844 | PMID: 42422818
TL;DR: 德國123份ICU問卷顯示HSV/CMV reactivation診療差異大；僅33%移植病人、24%非免疫低下ICU病人有SOP，檢驗周轉中位數2天。
不嘻嘻：ICU的HSV/CMV SOP，現在看來比病毒還稀有。
Management Challenges and Outcomes of Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: First Case Series Report From Vietnam¶
Authors: Dinh-Van L et al. | Journal: Case Rep Hematol | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.1155/crh/8055215 | PMID: 42422327
TL;DR: 越南11例HSCT後BOS，12月內81.8%因呼吸道感染住院，侵襲性aspergillosis占14次感染的50%，死亡率36.4%；倖存者FEV1大致穩定。
不嘻嘻：HSCT後BOS本來就硬，感染還來補刀。
Leveraging existing high-throughput HIV platforms for molecular Mycobacterium tuberculosis testing in Busia, Kenya: Cost and operational insights¶
Authors: Mwau M et al. | Journal: J Med Econ | Date: 2026 Dec
DOI: 10.1080/13696998.2026.2696186 | PMID: 42421287
TL;DR: 肯亞1208件痰液以Cobas 8800整合MTB檢測，每日中位94件、單件成本16.04–18.97美元；GeneXpert最差情境成本升至78.63美元。
嘻嘻：HIV平台順手做MTB，機器終於有多才多藝感。
Community health worker involvement across domains and national infectious disease programmes in rural Madagascar: evidence of fragmentation and determinants of engagement¶
Authors: Andriamasy EH et al. | Journal: BMJ Glob Health | Date: 2026 Jul 08
DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2025-023393 | PMID: 42419867
TL;DR: 馬達加斯加408名CHW中，malaria參與率98.5%，但TB與HIV/AIDS僅23.8%與21.6%；書面指引與疾病訓練提高參與機率(OR 2.55–3.73)。
不嘻嘻：CHW被切成拼圖，TB和HIV只好在角落等。
Advances in PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody Therapy for Hemophagocytic Syndrome¶
Authors: Lai F et al. | Journal: Crit Rev Oncol Hematol | Date: 2026 Jul 08
DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2026.105477 | PMID: 42419529
TL;DR: 15項研究回顧顯示PD-1 inhibitors於refractory/relapsed EBV-HLH具潛力，成人nivolumab ORR 85.7%、CR 71.4%；HSCT後使用需警覺GVHD高風險。
嘻嘻：EBV-HLH遇到PD-1 blockade，終於有點反攻感。
Management of cytomegalovirus reactivation and immunosuppression following uterus transplantation¶
Authors: Song ATW et al. | Journal: Clinics (Sao Paulo) | Date: 2026 Jul 08
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2026.101041 | PMID: 42418935
TL;DR: 34歲子宮移植受者停用3月ganciclovir/valganciclovir後5月出現CMV DNAemia；孕早期復發以降低tacrolimus、停azathioprine處理，未用抗病毒且無排斥或CMV disease。
嘻嘻：子宮移植遇CMV，免疫抑制微調也能漂亮過關。
🟢 One Health / Zoonoses¶
Cattle and human organoids reveal 2.3.4.4b H5N1 cross-species transmission potential and neuraminidase-specific neutralizing antibodies in humans¶
Authors: Li C et al. | Journal: Nat Commun | Date: 2026 Jul 08
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-74345-w | PMID: 42420291
TL;DR: 牛乳腺與呼吸道organoids顯示2.3.4.4b H5N1可高效複製，人類鼻腔與呼吸道organoids亦易感；人類N1 antibodies具交叉中和活性，季節流感疫苗後增強。
不嘻嘻：H5N1跨物種彩排中，還好N1 antibodies有上班。
Local Knowledge of Land Use Effects on Human-Rodent Interfaces in Lassa-Endemic Nigeria¶
Authors: Harden C et al. | Journal: Ecohealth | Date: 2026 Jul 09
DOI: 10.1007/s10393-026-01810-9 | PMID: 42423846
TL;DR: 奈及利亞Lassa endemic地區PRA顯示，清地與稻米收成後Mastomys spp.活動增加；住家與農地交錯村落回報更多田間-住家移動，提示LASV暴露風險受土地使用影響。
不嘻嘻：土地一改，Lassa風險就跟著搬進村裡。
Resveratrol inhibits the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and enhances the resistance of chickens to Pasteurella multocida¶
Authors: Yin J et al. | Journal: Microb Pathog | Date: 2026 Jul 08
DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108687 | PMID: 42419521
TL;DR: resveratrol在32 μg/mL不抑制Pasteurella multocida生長，但降低NLRP3、Caspase-1、IL-1β與apoptosis；雞感染模型中減少肝脾菌量並提高存活率。
嘻嘻：resveratrol不殺菌也能幫雞撐場，路線很迂迴。
Nematode parasite assemblages in tusk (Brosme brosme) along the Norwegian continental shelf: indicators of fish host feeding ecology and stock structuring¶
Authors: Cipriani P et al. | Journal: Parasit Vectors | Date: 2026 Jul 08
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-026-07535-6 | PMID: 42421144
TL;DR: 挪威187尾tusk檢出225條anisakid larvae、9種線蟲；Anisakis simplex (s.s.)盛行率100%，42%幼蟲在肌肉且92%集中belly flap，具食安疑慮。
不嘻嘻：生魚片浪漫之前，belly flap先讓人清醒。
Rickettsia typhi, Bartonella henselae, and related zoonotic agents in fleas from domestic cats (Felis catus) from the Rio Grande Valley, Texas¶
Authors: Balasubramanian S et al. | Journal: Parasit Vectors | Date: 2026 May 15
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-026-07421-1 | PMID: 42421136
TL;DR: 德州南部167隻貓蚤感染率83.23%；蚤池檢出Bartonella henselae 42.14%、Rickettsia typhi 4.29%，貓血B. henselae 22.16%，支持納入媒介與貓宿主監測。
不嘻嘻：貓蚤帶一串zoonoses，家貓監測不能只看可愛。
Vector-borne pathogens in dogs from different regions of Afghanistan¶
Authors: Sazmand A et al. | Journal: Parasit Vectors | Date: 2026 Jul 08
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-026-07534-7 | PMID: 42421073
TL;DR: 阿富汗100隻犬81%至少帶一種vector-borne pathogen；以Hepatozoon canis 68%最高，其次Bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii 18%，coinfection 12%。
不嘻嘻：阿富汗狗狗vector-borne pathogens滿載，防線很薄。
Zoonotic endoparasites and Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity in free-roaming cats (Felis catus) from New York City boroughs¶
Authors: Nguyen VL et al. | Journal: PLoS One | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0351437 | PMID: 42418442
TL;DR: 紐約87隻自由活動貓57.5%糞便檢出寄生蟲，Toxocara spp. 54%最常見；Toxoplasma gondii抗體陽性8.9%，公貓更易感染Toxocara spp.(OR 4.36)。
不嘻嘻：NYC街貓很自由，寄生蟲也自由到不行。
Geospatial Tracking of a Rabies Outbreak in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, Using Molecular Data¶
Authors: Miyen MJ et al. | Journal: Transbound Emerg Dis | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.1155/tbed/2795613 | PMID: 42421415
TL;DR: 南非東開普省2020–2024年2596例rabies資料中狗705例最多；102件犬RABV序列平均99%一致，顯示2021–2024年NMBM至少3次獨立引入。
不嘻嘻：rabies一再被引入，地圖都快變破案板了。
Gastrointestinal Parasites of Free-Ranging Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta) in Kathmandu: A One Health Perspective on Shared Environmental Risks¶
Authors: Khadka Y et al. | Journal: Vet Med Sci | Date: 2026 Jul
DOI: 10.1002/vms3.71070 | PMID: 42418300
TL;DR: 尼泊爾加德滿都105份獼猴糞便GI parasite盛行率77.1%，以Entamoeba sp. 37.1%、Strongyle-type eggs 25.7%、Strongyloides sp. 20.0%最多，雙重感染41.0%。
不嘻嘻：人猴共享環境，寄生蟲也跟著共享套餐。
Detection of ongoing asymptomatic Porcine deltacoronavirus infections via transiently produced IgGs using protein-peptide hybrid microarray¶
Authors: Li M et al. | Journal: Front Microbiol | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2026.1846662 | PMID: 42422746
TL;DR: PPHMPDCoV以transiently produced IgGs偵測無症狀PDCoV感染，28–174日齡豬血清中45日齡感染率高峰15%；可同時判定感染階段，利於畜牧早期預警。
嘻嘻：無症狀PDCoV也能早抓，豬場預警更聰明。
🟡 Food Security / Food Safety¶
A Comprehensive Review on Microplastic Contamination in Food Packaging and Processing: Pathways, Exposure, and Implications¶
Authors: Chittoda A et al. | Journal: Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf | Date: 2026 Jul
DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.70564 | PMID: 42422984
TL;DR: 食品包裝可於處理、加工、儲存釋放MPs/MNPs；瓶裝水約90%塑膠粒子屬MNPs，潛在影響含bioaccumulation、oxidative stress、endocrine disruption與microbiota imbalance。
不嘻嘻：食物包裝不只包食物，也包一點微塑膠焦慮。
Principles of Food Safety and Toxicological Risk Assessment: Refining Hazards, Risk Management Communication, and Common Misconceptions¶
Authors: Rivera-González KS et al. | Journal: Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf | Date: 2026 Jul
DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.70552 | PMID: 42422975
TL;DR: 食品毒理風險評估需回到「the dose makes the poison」與hazard/risk區分；錯誤溝通會放大消費者誤解與不信任，作者整理關鍵術語以促進一致表述。
嘻嘻：食安溝通回到dose，恐慌才比較不會暴衝。
Zein-Based Packaging and Coating Materials for Postharvest Preservation of Fruits and Vegetables: Modification Strategies and Mechanistic Insights¶
Authors: Guo Y et al. | Journal: Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf | Date: 2026 Jul
DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.70544 | PMID: 42422909
TL;DR: zein-based coatings與films可降低蔬果水分流失與微生物腐敗，延長高呼吸率農產品 shelf life；但疏水性、加工性差、脆性與高濕敏感仍限制量產。
嘻嘻：zein coating保鮮有戲，只差量產現實來考試。
Advances in antimicrobial biomaterials for food packaging: A focus on food safety mechanisms and applications¶
Authors: Khan AR et al. | Journal: Food Chem | Date: 2026 Jul 07
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.150342 | PMID: 42418880
TL;DR: antimicrobial food packaging透過controlled release、direct contact與barrier formation抑制foodborne pathogens；biopolymer films前景佳，但活性物質遷移、毒性與法規仍是商用門檻。
嘻嘻：抗菌包材聽起來很香，法規關卡還得慢慢過。
Smartphone-assisted ratiometric fluorescent sensor CQDs@Eu-MOF for the visualization and quantitative detection of Hg2+ and norfloxacin¶
Authors: Li X et al. | Journal: Food Chem | Date: 2026 Jul 06
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.150317 | PMID: 42418879
TL;DR: CQDs@Eu-UiO-66 ratiometric sensor可偵測Hg2+與norfloxacin，LOD分別2.08 nM與48.96 nM；在湖水、牛奶、雞肉基質穩定，並可用smartphone RGB現場定量。
嘻嘻：smartphone量Hg2+和norfloxacin，現場檢測很有感。
Gas-producing spoilage bacteria in compound seasoning sauce: Identification, characterization and its control¶
Authors: Xiao Q et al. | Journal: Int J Food Microbiol | Date: 2026 Jul 03
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2026.111935 | PMID: 42419200
TL;DR: 膨袋複合調味醬由Bacillus haynesii主導產氣腐敗；11%鹽、0.1‰ nisin加95°C 20分鐘熱處理可完全抑制該菌，優於單一處理。
不嘻嘻：調味醬膨袋元凶抓到了，晚餐心情先縮水。
A telomere-to-telomere gap-free genome assembly of the indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) cytoplasmic male sterile line Funong A¶
Authors: Hong Y et al. | Journal: Sci Data | Date: 2026 Jul 08
DOI: 10.1038/s41597-026-07833-9 | PMID: 42420303
TL;DR: Funong A水稻完成394.7 Mb telomere-to-telomere gap-free assembly，contig N50 32 Mb、解析24個telomeres與12條染色體centromeres，註解39,453個protein-coding genes。
嘻嘻：水稻genome補到無縫，育種地圖又清楚一格。
Epidemiology and molecular evolution of norovirus GII.17 in the United States, 2021-2025¶
Authors: Barclay L et al. | Journal: J Infect Dis | Date: 2026 Jul 08
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiag348 | PMID: 42418796
TL;DR: 美國CaliciNet 1412起outbreak中，GII.17 norovirus由2021–2022年5.0%升至2024–2025年74.8%；以GII.17[P17] Romania-like占93.3%，未見中和逃脫增加。
不嘻嘻：GII.17 norovirus衝太快，腸胃炎排行榜又改朝換代。
Perceptions and impact of a multisectoral nutrition-sensitive agricultural program among people living with HIV in Senegal, West Africa: A pilot study¶
Authors: Drummond S et al. | Journal: PLOS Glob Public Health | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0006743 | PMID: 42418527
TL;DR: 塞內加爾MNSA pilot納入56名HIV感染者與59名對照；介入組viral suppression 94.2% vs 77.8%(p=0.02)、BMI 24.8 vs 21.7，並改善營養與ART adherence感受。
嘻嘻：營養農業介入幫HIV照護加分，這很務實。
Nutritional status and gaps in nutritional care among adolescents living with HIV in Ethiopia: A multi-facility study¶
Authors: Bore MG et al. | Journal: PLOS Glob Public Health | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0004995 | PMID: 42418466
TL;DR: 衣索比亞384名ALHIV中34.9%營養不良、19.4% severe acute malnutrition；ART clinic僅36.4%評估飲食、27.3%評估food security，顯示營養照護缺口明顯。
不嘻嘻：ALHIV營養照護缺口大到門診椅都坐不住。
Exploring the relationship between foodborne outbreaks and climate change using social media data in the years 2016-2021¶
Authors: Dixit Y et al. | Journal: J Food Prot | Date: 2026 Jul 08
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2026.100854 | PMID: 42419648
TL;DR: 澳洲與紐西蘭2016–2021年Twitter/X食源性症狀訊號單獨解釋通報病例R2 0.22–0.48；合併溫度與雨量異常後R2升至0.87–0.97。
嘻嘻：社群訊號加氣候資料，食源性outbreak預測變聰明。
資料來源：PubMed (articles retrieved 2026-07-10)